tem(ǝ)-

    tem(ǝ)-

    English meaning: dark

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “dunkel”

    Material: O.Ind. támas- n. “ darkness, darkness “ = Av. tǝmah- ds., Pers. tam ‘star of Auges”, O.Ind. tamasá- “ swart “ (= Av. tǝmaŋha- “finster”), tamsra- “dark, livid”; támisrüḥ (= Lat. tenebrae), newer támisrü f., tamisra-m “ darkness”; támasvün (-vant) “finster” = Av. tǝmahvant- “verblendet”; tamrá- “verdunkelnd”, tümrá - “ oxblood, indigo, kupferrot”, timirá - “dark, finster”;támüla- m. “Xanthochymos pictorius” (tree with very dunkler bark); from tamüla-pattram “T.-leaf” derive Gk. μαλάβαθρον, Lat. mülobat(h)rum; Av. tąϑra- nom. pl. “darkness”, Pers. tür “finster” = *tam-sra-; Gk. (Eol.) VN Σέμμῑκες (*tems-); Illyr. mountain-N Σόμαρος by Dodona; Lat. tenebrae “ darkness “ (diss. from *temafrü = O.Ind. támisrüḥ pl.), temere “blindlings, aufs Geratewohl” (loc. *temesi “in Dunkeln [tappend]”), temerō, -üre “ blemish, entehren” (eig. “unvorsichtig heiligen Dingen nahen”); M.Ir. teim, temen “dark, gray”, O.Ir. temel “ darkness “, M.Bret. teffal “finster”; O.H.G. demar n. “dawn, twilight”; O.S. thimm “dark” (*Þimzá -); M.Du. deemster, O.H.G. dinstar (and probably also O.H.G. finstar) “finster” (*temsro- = O.Ind. tamsra-); nd. dīsig, Dutch dijzig “nebelig, dark” (*Þemsiga-); lengthened grade probably O.Ice. Þüm “obscuritas aeris”, Nor. taam “unklare Luft, dũnne blanket of clouds “; Lith. témsta, témti “finster become”; tamsà “ darkness “, tamsùs “dark”, ablaut. Ltv. tima, timsa and tùmsa “darkness”, Lith. tim̃sras ‘schweißfũchsig, oxblood, indigo “; Ltv. tumst (Inf.tumt) “es dunkelt”; O.C.S. tьma “ darkness “, O.C.S. tьmьnъ “dark”; Russ. témrivo “ darkness “; whether Slav. těnь ‘shadow” as *tem-ni-s anzureihen? Toch. В tamüsse “dark”. Maybe Alb. dimën “winter, long winter nights” origin of PIE root for winter???, maybe Alb. tym ‘smoke” dark smoke” similar to Pol. dym???

    References: WP. I 720 f., WH. II 656 f., 664, Trautmann 322, Vasmer 3, 92 f., 162.